There are almost 9,000 different species of animals in the Galapagos islands and the surrounding waters. Of these, the majority of land-based species are endemic, meaning they cannot be found anywhere else in the world!
In fact, approximately 80% of the land birds, 97% of the reptiles and land mammals, and 20% of all marine species found in the Galapagos islands are found only in this special place.
In this guide, you will learn about the 35 most iconic Galapagos Islands animals that you can see on a visit to the islands. In addition to some interesting facts and photos, we will also tell you how and where to find each, with recommendations for tours when necessary.
We captured all of the photos you will see in this guide throughout several trips to the Galapagos, the most recent of which was in April 2023.
๐ฆ Galapagos Islands Animals Overview
Made famous by a young scientist named Charles Darwin, the Galapagos Islands are a truly unique wildlife destination that played an important role in Darwin’s theory of evolution.
With almost 9,000 different animals in the Galapagos, this guide is not intended to be a comprehensive list of every animal in the archipelago.
Rather, we have highlighted the most exciting, iconic animals that you are likely to encounter on your visit to the Galapagos.
Undoubtedly, these wildlife encounters will be the highlight of your visit and create many once-in-a-lifetime memories to be cherished.
Quick Note on Wildlife Etiquette in Galapagos
One of the best reasons for visiting the Galapagos is to encounter some of the spectacular wildlife here. However, please ensure you do so respectfully.
The Galapagos Islands are within the Galapagos National Park, where all wildlife are protected by law.
As per Galapagos National Park law, you are required to maintain a 6ft (2m) distance from all wildlife, including protruding arms and selfie sticks.
NEVER TOUCH OR FEED ANY WILD ANIMALS!
While this feels like it should go without saying, we saw people reach for turtles and sea lions during our time in the Galapagos. Not only can it cause stress to the animals, but many are also susceptible to disease from bacteria or chemicals that can be on our hands.
The animals don’t know the rules and many Galapagos animals are curious. For the best experiences, stay still, do not attempt to touch or approach, and they will often come to you! Just be sure you’re not blocking their way and give them plenty of space to pass if needed.
โญ๏ธ Pro Tip: Help protect marine life by only wearing reef-safe sunscreen.
Map of the Galapagos Islands
The map of the Galapagos Islands above shows the archipelago in its entirety. This map will hopefully help you understand the layout of the islands as we discuss where to find all the most iconic Galapagos islands animals.
It has been color-coded to indicate the islands that are inhabited and can be stayed on, those accessible by day tour, and those that are accessible via cruise ship only.
In addition, ferry services and airports are indicated by the appropriate symbols.
๐๏ธ DISCOVER MORE:
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๐ง Animals of the Galapagos Islands: Birds
One of the most popular things to do in Galapagos is bird watching… and for good reason!
Throughout the archipelago, 185 different species of birds have been reported, many of which are endemic to the region.
Below are some of the most iconic birds you are likely to see in the Galapagos.
1. Blue Footed Boobies
| Scientific Name | Sula nebouxii |
| Best Places | โข Los Tuneles (Isabela) โข North Seymour Island โข Espaรฑola Island |
| Best Time | Year-round |
| Conservation Status | Least Concern |
Of all the animals in the Galapagos, the flamboyant blue-footed booby has become the crowd favorite and is considered the unofficial mascot of the islands.
With their azure accessories and theatrical mating rituals, they always entertain! These characteristics are what earned them the name ‘Booby’, deriving from the Spanish word “bobo” which translates to “clown”.
Blue-footed boobies can be seen year-round. However, March is a particularly good time to witness their mating dance and chicks are present from June to December.
Best Places to See Blue Footed Boobies
You will see blue footed boobies in a dozen locations in Galapagos, but the best way to experience them up close is by taking the Los Tuneles day tour from Isabela island.
There are also large colonies on North Seymour and Espaรฑola islands, which can be visited as a day tour from Santa Cruz.
2. Red Footed Boobies
| Scientific Name | Sula sula |
| Best Places | โข Genovesa Island โข Punta Pitt (San Cristobal) โข Espaรฑola Island |
| Best Time | Year-round |
| Conservation Status | Least Concern |
While the blue footed counterpart gets most of the attention, there are actually three species of booby that inhabit the Galapagos islands.
The red footed booby is the smallest and most scarce of the booby species in the Galapagos. With their distinctive red feet and blue beaks, they are quite spectacular.
Unlike most other booby species that nest on the ground, the red-footed boobies nest in trees and bushes.
Best Places to See Red Footed Boobies
The largest colony of red footed boobies in the world can be found on Genovesa Island, making it the best place to see them in the world. However, it is only possible to reach Genovesa by cruise.
There is also a smaller colony at Punta Pitt on San Cristobal. Punta Pitt is one of the stops on the San Cristobal 360ยบ Tour, which is perhaps the best day tour you can take in the Galapagos.
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3. Nazca Boobies
| Scientific Name | Sula granti |
| Best Places | โข Punta Pitt (San Cristobal) โข Punta Suarez (Espaรฑola) โข Genovesa Island |
| Best Time | Year-round |
| Conservation Status | Least Concern |
Unlike the other two species of boobies, the Nazca booby does not have colorful feet. However, its orange bill and masked face still give it a striking appearance.
Similarly to the other boobies, it is excellent at fishing and dives into the water from the sky like a streamlined harpoon in order to catch fish and squid.
Best Places to See Nazca Boobies
One of the best places to see Nazca boobies is at Punta Pitt on San Cristobal. This unique location is the only place in Galapagos where you can see all three booby species.
There is also a large Nazca booby breeding colony on Espaรฑola island.
The 360ยบ Tour will take you to Punta Pitt, or you can get take a day tour to Espaรฑola island, both of which depart from San Cristobal.
4. Galapagos Penguin
| Scientific Name | Spheniscus mendiculus |
| Best Places | โข Isabela Island โข Bartolome Island โข Fernandina Island |
| Best Time | Cool season (June to November) |
| Conservation Status | Endangered |
The incredible Galapagos penguin is the only penguin species in the world found in a warm climate and in the northern hemisphere.
Though endangered, these cute little birds can semi-reliably be seen on several islands where they have established nesting colonies.
Best Places to See Galapagos Penguins
Bartolome Island is the most photogenic island in the Galapagos and is also the best place to see Galapagos penguins. A small colony inhabits Pinnacle Rock on Bartolome year-round.
On a personal note, our underwater penguin encounter while snorkeling on Bartolome Island was an absolute highlight of our most recent visit and is something we’ll never forget!
The second best places to see Galapagos penguins are at Tintoreras or Los Tuneles on Isabela Island, though they are less common and only stay there during the cool season.
Fernandina Island is another excellent place to see them, but is only available to those traveling by cruise.
๐ง READ MORE:
COMPLETE GUIDE TO VISITING BARTOLOME ISLAND
5. Magnificent & Great Frigatebirds
| Scientific Name | Fregata magnificent (Magnificent frigatebird) Fregata minor (Great frigatebird) |
| Best Places | โข North Seymour Island โข San Cristobal Island โข Floreana Island โข Genovesa Island |
| Best Time | Year-round |
| Conservation Status | Least Concern |
Known as “the pirates of the sky“, the magnificent and great frigate birds can be easily identified while in flight by their unique M shape.
Seeing them soaring overhead will be a near-constant on any island you visit in Galapagos.
However, what makes them one of the most impressive Galapagos animals to see are the males’ inflated bright red neck pouches during mating displays!
Best Places to See Magnificent & Great Frigatebirds
As mentioned, you will see Magnificent and Great Frigatebirds consistently overhead on any of the inhabited Galapagos islands you visit.
However. the best chance you will have to observe their red-throated mating behavior is at North Seymour Island, just north of Santa Cruz.
You can only visit North Seymour Island on a day tour from Santa Cruz or by cruise.
6. Darwin’s Finches (Galapagos Finches)
| Scientific Name | Various |
| Best Places | Everywhere |
| Best Time | Year-round |
| Conservation Status | Mostly Vulnerable to Least Concern |
Darwin’s finches (also referred to as Galapagos finches) are one of the most famous animals of the Galapagos islands due to their important role in Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution.
There are 17 different endemic species of finch that can be seen throughout the islands. Although, strictly speaking, they are tanagers rather than finches.
All of the species are small birds, but they each vary in terms of characteristics and behaviors; particularly beak size and shape.
Best Places to See Darwin’s Finches
You will see Darwin’s Finches anywhere where you go on all the Galapagos islands.
7. Waved Albatross (Galapagos Albatross)
| Scientific Name | Phoebastria irrorata |
| Best Places | Espaรฑola Island |
| Best Time | April to December |
| Conservation Status | Critically Endangered |
With an impressive wingspan that can reach 8ft (2.5m) in length, the waved albatross is the largest bird in the Galapagos.
Seeing them is always special, but their complex courtship dance is truly a sight to behold for those fortunate enough to witness it.
The dance includes an array of moves including bill circling and clacking, head nodding, waddling, and a cow-like moo.
Best Places to See Galapagos Albatross
The Galapagos albatross can only be seen on Espaรฑola Island during their breeding season from April to December. The rest of the year, they can be found along the coast of Ecuador and Peru.
You can visit Espaรฑola Island by day tour from San Cristobal or on a Galapagos cruise.
โต๏ธ DISCOVER MORE:
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8. Flightless Cormorants
| Scientific Name | Nannopterum harrisi |
| Best Places | โข Punta Vicente Roca (Isabela) โข Fernandina |
| Best Time | April to October |
| Conservation Status | Vulnerable |
The flightless cormorant is a great example of how evolution has uniquely shaped the endemic animals of the Galapagos islands.
Having no natural predators and feeding only from the shores, the wings of the flightless cormorant became redundant.
Over time, these useless wings continued to evolve until they became too tiny to be functional for flight.
Best Places to See Galapagos Flightless Cormorants
The flightless cormorants are found in only two places: the west coast of Isabela Island and Fernandina Island. Here, they rely upon the cold nutrient-rich water of the Bolivar Channel.
These destinations can only be reached by a Galapagos cruise.
9. Galapagos Flamingos
| Scientific Name | Phoenicopterus ruber |
| Best Places | โข Isabela Island โข Floreana Island โข Santa Cruz โข Rabida Island โข Santiago Island |
| Best Time | Year-round |
| Conservation Status | Least Concern |
With their vivid pink feathers and unique shape, flamingos are always a fun and impressive animal to behold.
Whether or not the flamingos that inhabit the Galapagos islands are a unique sub-species or not is still debated within the scientific community. Those found in the Galapagos are only very slightly different from those found in the Americas and Caribbean in terms of size and shape.
They can be found in shallow, brackish water lagoons throughout the Galapagos where they feed on small crustaceans.
Best Places to See Galapagos Flamingos
While they can be found on many islands, the largest flamingo colonies can be found on Isabela and Floreana islands.
Isabela Island is the best place to see the flamingos for most visitors as it is an inhabited island common for overnight stays and the “flamingo lagoon” is located right in the main town of Puerto Villamil.
You can also see them at Punta Cormorant Lagoon on Floreana Island by taking a day tour from Santa Cruz.
10. Galapagos Hawk
| Scientific Name | Buteo galapagoensis |
| Best Places | All major islands except Baltra, Daphne, Floreana, San Cristobal, & North Seymour. |
| Best Time | Year-round |
| Conservation Status | Vulnerable |
The Galapagos hawk is the largest resident land bird in the Galapagos and one of very few natural predators.
It is a skilled hunter, using its sharp beak and talons to catch a wide variety of prey that includes other birds, lizards, marine iguanas, insects like centipedes, baby tortoises, and rodents. They will also scavenge on carrion.
The Galapagos hawk also has unusual nesting behavior. The female will mate with several males, all of which will help to incubate the eggs and raise the young.
Best Places to See Galapagos Hawks
The Galapagos hawk can be found on most of the main islands and can be spotted perched in high trees stalking their prey.
If you truly want to see them, be sure to mention it to your naturalist guide on any tours you take.
11. Lava Gull
| Scientific Name | Larus fuliginosus |
| Best Places | โข Santa Cruz โข Isabela Island โข San Cristobal โข Genovesa Island |
| Best Time | Year-round |
| Conservation Status | Vulnerable |
The endemic lava gull is believed to be the rarest gull in the world, with only an estimated 600-800 individuals according to IUCN.
It is one of only two resident gull species, the other being the swallow-tailed gull.
Unlike other gull species, the lava gull is highly territorial and a solitary nester, rarely nesting closer than 330ft (100m) apart.
Adult lava gulls have a dark grey body with a black head, black wings, and a paler grey belly. Immature lava gulls, as seen above, are dark brown in color. Their dark coloring creates effective camouflage against lava rock.
Best Places to See Lava Gull
While lava gulls have been spotted throughout the archipelago, they are predominantly seen on Santa Cruz, Isabela, San Cristobal, and Genovesa Islands. They can typically be spotted in the harbors or other locations close to humans scavenging for food.
12. Lava Heron
| Scientific Name | Butorides sundevalli |
| Best Places | Everywhere |
| Best Time | Year-round |
| Conservation Status | Least Concern |
There is some debate over the classification of the lava heron. While some authorities claim it to be its own unique species, others believe it to be a subspecies of the striated heron (Butorides striata).
Regardless of its classification, this is one of the most beautiful birds in the Galapagos and is a treat to spot.
Best Places to See Lava Herons
The Galapagos lava heron can be found on many islands throughout the archipelago, but is typically seen along the coastline fishing for crab and small fish.
The beautiful specimen in the photograph above was captured on a kayaking tour of Tintoreras on Isabela island.
13. Galapagos Dove
| Scientific Name | Zenaida galapagoensis |
| Best Places | Everywhere |
| Best Time | Year-round |
| Conservation Status | Near Threatened |
The Galapagos dove is one of the prettiest birds in the Galapagos.
Endemic to the archipelago, it is a curious and tame species, so much so that early sailors frequently reported the birds landing on their hats, heads, or shoulders.
Unfortunately, this made the doves an easy source of food for the sailors, which in turn caused them to become increasingly cautious of humans.
Even still, they have remained mostly tame and will likely wander up to you!
The Galapagos dove also has an important role in the ecosystem as a pollinator for plants such as the Opuntia cactus.
Best Places to See Galapagos Doves
The Galapagos doves can be seen throughout the islands. They are most commonly seen on the ground as they are reluctant to fly.
โ๏ธ PLAN YOUR PERFECT VACATION:
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14. Swallow-Tailed Gull
| Scientific Name | |
| Best Places | โข Genovesa Island โข South Plaza Island โข Espaรฑola Island |
| Best Time | Year-round |
| Conservation Status | Least Concern |
Endemic to the Galapagos, the swallow-tailed gull has evolved excellent eyesight to allow it to feed at night and is the only nocturnal gull in the world.
They are easily identified by their distinctive red eye ring.
The swallow-tailed gulls only breed in the Galapagos islands. When they are not nesting, however, they spend their time out at sea and can travel as far south as central Chile.
They are very vocal birds that make a strange clicking sound which is thought to be used for echolocation at night.
Best Places to See Swallow-Tailed Gulls
The swallow-tailed gull can be spotted throughout the archipelago. However, they prefer the warmer waters in the east of the Galapagos islands.
The best places to see swallow-tailed gulls are Genovesa, Espaรฑola, and South Plaza islands.
It is only possible to reach Genovesa by cruise, but you can take a day tour to Espaรฑola from San Cristobal and to South Plaza from Santa Cruz.
15. Galapagos Short-Eared Owl
| Scientific Name | Asio flammeus |
| Best Places | Genovesa Island |
| Best Time | Year-round |
| Conservation Status | Least Concern |
The Galapagos short-eared owl is one of the few predatory animals in the Galapagos. It is an endemic subspecies of the short-eared owl which is found on all continents except Antarctica.
As is common with many endemic animals, the short-eared owl has evolved to be smaller and darker in coloration, allowing for better body temperature control and camouflage.
Best Places to See Galapagos Short-Eared Owls
Although the Galapagos short-eared owl can be spotted throughout the archipelago, it is most commonly sighted on Genovesa Island hunting the seabird colonies.
It is only possible to visit Genovesa Island by cruise.
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16. Little Vermillion Flycatcher
| Scientific Name | Pyrocephalus nanus |
| Best Places | โข Santa Cruz โข Fernandina Island โข Isabela Island โข Rabida Island |
| Best Time | December – May |
| Conservation Status | Vulnerable |
Unfortunately, the population of this vibrant bird is rapidly in decline as it faces the same threats that have led to the extinction of the San Cristobal flycatcher, including invasive species and habitat loss.
With its brilliant red color, birdwatching enthusiasts who are fortunate enough to find one of these endangered beauties are in for a treat. We photographed the one above on our hike to Sierra Negra Volcano on Isabela Island.
As its name implies and like other flycatchers, it feeds on a variety of insects, preferring to catch them in flight than on the ground.
Best Places to See Little Vermillion Flycatchers
Isabela Island is the best place to see the endangered Little Vermillion Flycatchers, especially in the highlands.
Once found throughout the Galapagos islands, it is now believed to be locally extinct on Floreana and Santa Fe islands, close to extinction on Santa Cruz Island, and threatened on Isabela Island.
If you are an avid birdwatcher and ticking this one off your list is a priority, the Sierra Negra Hike may be your best bet.
17. Galapagos Flycatcher
| Scientific Name | Myiarchus magnirostris |
| Best Places | All main islands |
| Best Time | December-May |
| Conservation Status | Least Concern |
The Galapagos flycatcher is another bird that is endemic to the region and is present on all of the major, inhabited islands.
Also known as the large-billed flycatcher, the small, tawny bird is typically fearless of people and is very curious. It is even known to occasionally land on someone’s head or camera!
When no surprising tourists, they can be spotted energetically chasing insects. Similar to the little vermilion flycatcher, they feed on flying insects, as well as caterpillars, larvae, and fruits.
Best Places to See Galapagos Flycatchers
You will see the Galapagos flycatchers on any of the major islands. The one photographed above was spotted on the Sierra Negra hike on Isabela Island.
18. Galapagos Mockingbirds
| Scientific Name | Mimus parvulus (Galรกpagos) Mimus melanotis (San Cristรณbal) Mimus macdonaldi (Espaรฑola) Mimus trifasciatus (Floreana) |
| Best Places | Everywhere |
| Best Time | Year-round |
| Conservation Status | Least Concern – Vulnerable |
There are four endemic species of mockingbird in the Galapagos islands:
- Galรกpagos mockingbird (Mimus parvulus)
- San Cristรณbal mockingbird (Mimus melanotis)
- Espaรฑola mockingbird (Mimus macdonaldi)
- Floreana mockingbird (Mimus trifasciatus)
All four species are closely related with DNA evidence showing that they likely evolved from a single colonization event.
The Galapagos mockingbird is the most widespread of the four species, meaning they can be found throughout the archipelago. The other three are limited to a specific island.
The mockingbirds are omnivores, mostly foraging on the ground and eating everything from seeds and insects to eggs, baby turtles, and sea lion placentas.
Best Places to See Galapagos Mockingbirds
The Galapagos mockingbirds are some of the most commonly seen birds in the Galapagos on any island, made easier to spot by their curious nature and willingness to approach humans.
๐ฆญ Animals of the Galapagos Islands: Mammals
The isolated location of the Galapagos archipelago made it especially difficult for mammals to reach the islands.
While there are, unfortunately, quite a few species of mammals that have been introduced to the Galapagos islands, there are very few endemic species.
In fact, there are only seven endemic mammals in the entire archipelago. These are:
- Galapagos sea lions
- Galapagos fur seals
- Southern red bat
- Galapagos hoary bat
- Galapagos rice rat
- Santiago Galapagos mouse
- Fernandina rice rat
In addition, there are 24 dolphin and whale species that live in the waters of the region, some of which are residents and some migratory.
19. Galapagos Sea Lions
| Scientific Name | Zalophus wollebaeki |
| Best Places | Everywhere |
| Best Time | Year-round |
| Conservation Status | Endangered |
Sea lions are the one wildlife encounter you can guarantee to experience on your visit. In fact, it will likely be one of the first animals you see in the Galapagos. They live on every island and are incredibly playful and curious.
You will spot them lounging anywhere they feel like being, from benches in town to the beautiful beaches, and will likely be swimming gracefully in the surf any time you hop in the water.
While there are strict rules about interacting with animals in the Galapagos, the sea lions don’t know the rules! Their inquisitive and bold nature leads to fun encounters, particularly in the water where they’ll likely swim straight up to you.
Just be sure to be respectful of them and give them plenty of space.
Despite their apparent abundance throughout the islands, they are actually endangered and their numbers are on the decline.
Best Places to See Galapagos Sea Lions
While you will absolutely see them everywhere throughout your time in Galapagos, regardless of which island(s) you stay on, San Cristobal is the best place to see them.
They are literally on every beach and pier in town and have completely taken over one of the beaches on the island (Playa de los Marinos).
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20. Galapagos Fur Seals
| Scientific Name | Arctocephalus galapagoensis |
| Best Places | โข Isabela Island โข Fernandina Island โข Santiago Island |
| Best Time | Year-round |
| Conservation Status | Endangered |
The Galapagos fur seal is one of the cutest endemic species in the archipelago.
Although technically a sea lion rather than a seal, the Galapagos fur seal has a few noticeable differences from the more commonly encountered sea lions.
It is smaller, has denser fur, more pronounced ears, and larger eyes than a sea lion. They are also less common and are typically solitary creatures.
Best Places to See Galapagos Fur Seals
While the Galapagos Fur Seal can be spotted in a few locations around the Galapagos, they are most reliably found on Isabela, Fernandina, and Santiago.
Of these, Isabela Island is the only place you can see them without a cruise. In particular, the tour to Los Tuneles is the best bet for spotting one.
21. Dolphins & Whales
| Scientific Name | Cetaceans |
| Best Places | Bolivar Channel (between Isabela and Fernandina) |
| Best Time | Cool season (June to November) |
| Conservation Status | Various |
The Galapagos islands are home to over 24 species of dolphins and whales.
Some species live here year-round, making sightings possible year-round. However, you have the best chance to spot dolphins and whales between June and November when large numbers of migratory species are also present.
Best Places to See Dolphins & Whales in Galapagos
The most common place to spot dolphins and whales in the Galapagos is the Bolivar Channel which separates the islands of Fernandina and Isabela.
In this unique location accessible only by cruise, the seawater is especially cold and rich in nutrients, with plenty of schools of fish available as a reliable food source.
If you book any inter-island day tours during your visit to the Galapagos, your boat captain will keep on the lookout and make announcements if any are spotted.
๐ข Animals of the Galapagos Islands: Reptiles
22. Galapagos Giant Tortoises
| Scientific Name | Chelonoidis spp. |
| Best Places | Santa Cruz highlands |
| Best Time | Year-round |
| Conservation Status | Vulnerable – Critically Endangered |
The Galapagos giant tortoises were once so abundant in the region that Spanish explorers in 1535 named the islands after them (galรกpago being the Spanish word for tortoise).
Unsurprisingly, they remain the most iconic of all the Galapagos islands animals.
Sadly, the giant tortoises of the Galapagos reached near extinction in the 19th century due to excessive hunting and newly-introduced species. Today, most of the 12 remaining species are still consideredย critically endangered, though their populations are slowly rising thanks to extensiveย conservation efforts.
These impressive reptiles are the worldโs largest tortoises and have been known to exceed 5 feet in length and weigh over 500lbs (225kg).
Galapagos tortoises are also the longest-lived of all land vertebrates, averaging over 100 years old, with theย oldest tortoise on recordย reaching an impressive 175 years.
Best Places to See Galapagos Giant Tortoises
The best place to see semi-wild Galapagos giant tortoises in a natural habitat is at El Chato Ranch on Santa Cruz.
You can also see them at Charles Darwin Research Station (Santa Cruz), Galapaguera de Cerro Colorado (San Cristobal), and Arnaldo Tupiza Tortoise Breeding Center (Isabela).
Of note, every major island in the Galapagos has its own subspecies of Galapagos tortoise, each of which has evolved very differently to meet the unique challenges of the island.
If you happen to be visiting multiple islands, try to visit one of the tortoise sanctuaries on each to compare how different they truly are!
๐ข READ MORE:
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23. Marine Iguanas
| Scientific Name | Amblyrhynchus cristatus |
| Best Places | โข Fernandina โข Espaรฑola โข Floreana โข Isabela โข Santa Cruz |
| Best Time | Year-round |
| Conservation Status | Vulnerable |
The marine iguana is an incredible living display of evolution. Having landed in the Galapagos islands from the Central American jungles with no viable food source, these miraculous survivors are notable as the only species of iguana on earth that can swim and even feed underwater.
There are 11 subspecies of marine iguanas across different Galapagos islands, all of which are very similar.
For most of the year, the adults are black and blend into the lava rock that lines most beaches. During mating season, however, the males change color and each different subspecies has its own unique colorations.
For example, marine iguanas on Espaรฑola island are nicknamed “Christmas iguanas” for their green and red colors, whereas Fernandina has the largest and darkest-colored marine iguanas.
Best Places to See Marine Iguanas
Much like sea lions, you are basically guaranteed to see marine iguanas on any island you visit.
The marine iguanas are a bit more scarce on San Cristobal, but you will no doubt encounter them even here. They are absolutely everywhere on Isabela and Santa Cruz.
24. Galapagos Land Iguanas
| Scientific Name | Conolophus subcristatus (Galรกpagos land iguana) |
| Best Places | โข Fernandina โข Isabela โข Santa Cruz โข South Plaza โข Baltra โข North Seymour |
| Best Time | Year-round |
| Conservation Status | Vulnerable |
While the Galapagos islands are better known for the extraordinary marine iguanas, the colorful land iguanas still make for an impressive sight as well.
With a lifespan of 50-60 years, they can reach 5ft (1.5m) in length and weigh up to 25lb (13kg). They are typically a yellow color with white, black, and brown blotches.
Despite their intimidating appearance, they are primarily herbivorous, feeding on prickly pear leaves and fruit.
They also have an interesting symbiotic relationship with finches, which can often be seen perched on their back and picking ticks from between their scales.
There are also two other species of endemic land iguana found in the Galapagos islands:
- Santa Fe land iguana (Conolophus pallidus) – can only be found on Santa Fe Island
- Pink iguana (Conolophus marthae) – only found on Wolf Volcano on Isabela Island and is critically endangered
Best Places to see Galapagos Land Iguanas
These prehistoric-looking animals can be found on seven of the main Galapagos islands, having recently been reintroduced to Santiago island.
You can see land iguanas on several islands, many of which can be visited via day tours from one of the inhabited islands that allow overnight stays (Santa Cruz, San Cristobal, and Isabela).
One of the best places to see land iguanas in the Galapagos is on the island of Baltra (formerly known as Seymour Island) where the major airport is located.
If you are flying in or out of GPS airport, we recommend looking out for them as you arrive and depart. We saw several while waiting for our flight right outside the doors!
๐๏ธ DISCOVER MORE:
BEST BEACHES IN GALAPAGOS
25. Green Sea Turtles
| Scientific Name | Chelonia mydas |
| Best Places | โข Los Tuneles & Punta Vicente Roca (Isabela) โข Rosa Blanca (San Cristobal) |
| Best Time | Year-round |
| Conservation Status | Endangered |
There are four species of sea turtles that frequent the Galapagos islands.
Of these, green sea turtles are by far the most populous and common to see and are also the only sea turtles to nest in the Galapagos. However, you may also occasionally see hawksbill, leatherback, and olive ridley turtles in the water.
The Galapagos green sea turtle (Chelonia mydas agassizii) is a distinct endemic subspecies that only nests in the Galapagos. Their largest nesting sites are found at Bachas Beach (Santa Cruz) and Punta Cormorant (Floreana).
As they nest at night, it is unlikely you will see them on land. However, during their nesting season (December to March), flipper paths can sometimes be seen on the beach.
Best Places to See Galapagos Sea Turtles
You may encounter green sea turtles snorkeling anywhere in Galapagos, or by just looking off the main pier of Puerto Ayora on Santa Cruz.
However, the best place to truly experience their majesty is with a snorkel tour to Los Tuneles on Isabela or at Rosa Blanca on the 360ยฐ Tour from San Cristobal.
Punta Vicente Roca (Isabela) is also a wonderful place to see them, but can only be reached by cruise.
26. Galapagos Lava Lizards
| Scientific Name | Microlophus spp. |
| Best Places | All islands except Genovesa, Darwin, and Wolf. |
| Best Time | Year-round |
| Conservation Status | Least Concern – Near Threatened |
There are seven different species of lava lizards and they are one of the most abundant reptiles you’ll find in the Galapagos.
It is almost impossible not to see one of these little lizards sunbathing on lava rock or scurrying around while in the Galapagos.
Despite their small size, they are a fascinating species with interesting abilities and behaviors. For example, the males can often be spotted having push-up contests to determine dominance and territory.
They also have two useful and impressive adaptations. The first is the ability to change color slightly for camouflage. The second comes into play in the event this camouflage fails, at which point the lava lizard is able to drop its tail.
The separated tail continues to squirm, acting as a distraction while they escape. The tail will even eventually grow back, though it rarely reaches the same length.
Best Places to See Galapagos Lava Lizards
It will be difficult NOT to see a lava lizard while visiting the Galapagos; they are absolutely everywhere.
๐ธ READ MORE:
TOP GALAPAGOS PHOTOGRAPHY TIPS & LOCATIONS
27. Galapagos Racer Snakes
| Scientific Name | Pseudalsophis spp. |
| Best Places | โข Santa Fe โข North Seymour |
| Best Time | Year-round |
| Conservation Status | Near Threatened |
The Galapagos racer snake was made famous (or perhaps infamous) when it was featured hunting baby marine iguanas in the BBC Planet Earth documentary with David Attenborough.
There are believed to be at least six different species of Galapagos racers on different islands, although the exact number is unknown due to a lack of research.
Galapagos racer snakes are constrictors and mildly venomous. They hunt lava lizards, geckos, insects, iguanas, rodents, and hatchlings, and one species on Fernandina even hunts fish!
If you are lucky enough to see one, rest assured that despite being mildly venomous, they are not aggressive towards people and could do very little harm even if they did attack.
Best Places to See Galapagos Racer Snakes
Despite being present on most of the major islands, they are very difficult to spot and are not commonly seen by tourists.
Santa Fe and North Seymour islands offer the best chances for seeing them.
๐ฆ Galapagos Islands Animals: Marine Life
The Galapagos Marine Reserve encompasses an enormous 51,000 square miles (133,000 km2), making it one of the largest marine reserves in the world.
It is also one of the most biologically diverse regions on our planet, providing a home to over 3,000 species.
The archipelago and its immense marine reserve have been awarded UNESCO World Heritage status, and has even been referred to as a โliving museum and showcase of evolutionโ.
For this reason, the Galapagos Islands provide some of the best snorkeling spots you’ll find anywhere in the world.
Below are a few of the most impressive and iconic marine animals of the Galapagos islands.
28. Sally Lightfoot Crabs
| Scientific Name | Grapsus grapsus |
| Best Places | Everywhere |
| Best Time | Year-round |
| Conservation Status | Least Concern |
The colorful Sally lightfoot crabs can be seen skittering along the coast on beaches and lava rock throughout the Galapagos Islands, as well as the western coast of the Americas.
Interestingly, it is rumored that they were named after a Caribbean dancer due to their excellent agility and maneuverability.
While the juvenile Sally lightfoot crabs are darker in color for camouflage, the adults are easy to spot with their bright red shells and blue faces.
Their striking colors against the black lava rocks make them ideal subjects for some beautiful Galapagos photography.
Best Places to See Sally Lightfoot Crabs
You will find the Sally lightfoot crabs everywhere you look near the water on any of the inhabited islands. They are one of the few Galapagos islands animals you are guaranteed to see on a visit without even trying.
29. Reef Sharks
| Scientific Name | Carcharhinus limbatus (Blacktip shark) Triaenodon obesus (Whitetip reef shark) |
| Best Places | Everywhere |
| Best Time | Year-round |
| Conservation Status | Vulnerable |
Although 32 different species of sharks have been recorded in the Galapagos, blacktip and whitetip reef sharks are two of the most commonly sighted species.
Both blacktip and whitetip reef sharks prefer shallow waters and, as the name suggests, can typically be found near reefs.
During the day, whitetip reef sharks can be found resting in caves, often in large numbers.
Blacktip sharks use the mangroves as their nursery and small sharks can frequently be seen in mangrove areas.
Best Places to See Reef Sharks in Galapagos
The most likely place you’ll see reef sharks is off the main pier in Puerto Ayora on Santa Cruz island. If you take a night stroll, which is highly recommended, you are guaranteed to spot plenty of them swimming around the lit surface of the water.
Los Tuneles on Isabela is a great day trip option to actually swim with these magnificent creatures and see them up close.
30. Scalloped Hammerhead Sharks
| Scientific Name | Sphyrna lewini |
| Best Places | โข Kicker Rock (San Cristobal) โข Gordon Rocks (Santa Cruz) โข Darwin & Wolf Islands |
| Best Time | Year-round |
| Conservation Status | Critically Endangered |
Of all the marine animals in the Galapagos Islands, the scalloped hammerhead has become one of the most iconic.
While not endemic to the region, the Galapagos Marine Reserve is one of the best places in the world to see them. There is a year-round population of sharks in the region, as well as some that are migratory.
Watching an underwater cyclone of hammerhead sharks circling en masse is one of the most surreal experiences you will ever have observing wildlife.
Best Places to See Scalloped Hammerhead Sharks
Kicker Rock off of San Cristobal is by far the best place to see Scalloped Hammerhead Sharks. Tours can be done as a snorkel or dive trip to this spot specifically, but it is also included as a stop on the 360ยบ Tour.
Gordon Rocks off of Santa Cruz is the other location with a high probability of spotting them, but can only be done as a scuba dive.
Darwin and Wolf Islands are known for having the densest shark populations (the largest biomass in the world, in fact), but are only accessible on a SCUBA liveaboard.
31. Galapagos Sharks
| Scientific Name | Carcharhinus galapagensis |
| Best Places | โข Pinzon Island โข Santa Cruz โข Darwin & Wolf Islands |
| Best Time | March to April |
| Conservation Status | Least Concern |
Galapagos sharks can be found worldwide, but were named after the Galapagos islands where they were first identified.
They are typically seen at depths over 100m, though younger sharks can be spotted in shallower waters while snorkeling in Galapagos, particularly from March to April after their mating season.
It can also be difficult to identify these sharks as they closely resemble reef sharks and dusky sharks.
A fun fact about Galapagos sharks is that they are viviparous, meaning that they give birth to live young.
Best Places to See Galapagos Sharks
The best place to truly see Galapagos sharks while snorkeling is on a day tour to Isla Pinzon, which has one of the highest shark populations and perhaps the clearest water you will snorkel in Galapagos.
๐ฆ READ MORE:
PINZON ISLAND GUIDE
32. Rays
| Scientific Name | Myliobatiformes spp. |
| Best Places | Everywhere |
| Best Time | December to May |
| Conservation Status | Near Threatened – Endangered |
There are 15 different species of rays that can be found in the Galapagos islands.
Of these, the most commonly seen are spotted eagle rays, golden rays (also known as cownose rays), diamond stingrays, and manta rays.
While stingrays can most commonly be found hiding beneath a layer of sand on the ocean floor, the other three species are more often seen gliding gracefully through the water.
If you have never swam with rays before, their grace in the water is genuinely transcendent.
Best Places to See Rays in the Galapagos
It is possible to see rays throughout the Galapagos archipelago. However, each species has places where sightings are more frequent.
The easiest place you may see any of them is from the main pier in Puerto Ayora on Santa Cruz. If you watch long enough, there is a very good chance of spotting any of the species of rays that inhabit the Galapagos.
Spotted eagle rays and golden rays are often found in Elizabeth Bay on Isabela and Caleta Tortuga Negra (Black Turtle Cave) on Santa Cruz.
We photographed the eagle ray above and an entire pod of its friends while snorkeling at Concha de Perla (free!) on Isabela Island.
Manta rays are most frequently spotted around Wolf and Darwin Islands, as well as in the channel between Santiago Island and Sombrero Chino Islet.
33. Whale Sharks
| Scientific Name | Rhincodon typus |
| Best Places | Darwin & Wolf Islands |
| Best Time | June to November |
| Conservation Status | Endangered |
Perhaps the most impressive of all marine animals in the Galapagos islands is the whale shark, and it is a bucket list highlight for any snorkel or dive enthusiasts.
Despite being the largest fish in the world, it is completely harmless to humans, feasting primarily on plankton.
The whale shark is a migratory species and can be found in warm and temperate seas around the world. In the Galapagos, they reliably visit between June and November each year to feed as the upswelling current brings rich food sources.
Best Places to See Whale Sharks in Galapagos
Whale Sharks are most commonly sighted in the northern area of the Galapagos Marine Conservation, in the waters around Darwin and Wolf Islands.
However, it is worth noting that these islands can only be visited on a dive liveaboard.
34. Pacific Seahorses
| Scientific Name | Hippocampus ingens |
| Best Places | Isabela Island |
| Best Time | Year-round |
| Conservation Status | Vulnerable |
The Pacific seahorse is not endemic to the Galapagos and can also be found along the west coast of the Americas.
It does, however, make for an impressive sight. Growing up to 12 inches (30cm) in length, they are the second-largest species of seahorse.
Best Places to See Pacific Seahorses in Galapagos
The best place to see Pacific seahorses is on a snorkel day tour to Los Tuneles on Isabela Island. Your guide will help you pick them out as they are well-camouflaged and easily missed.
Roca Vicente, also on Isabela Island, as another great spot to see them but is only accessible via cruise.
35. Tropical Fish
While the larger and more unusual marine creatures often steal the show, we would be remiss not to mention the incredible plethora of tropical fish that can be seen while snorkeling or diving throughout the Galapagos islands.
There are over 450 species of fish in the area, with 10% of them being endemic to the Galapagos, such as the strange-looking Galapagos batfish.
Although there are a huge number of fish year-round, the greatest diversity and number can be found in the cooler season from June to November. During this time, the Humboldt Current brings nutrient-rich water, attracting many more fish.
๐๐ฝ FAQs About Galapagos Islands Animals
Use the drop-down boxes below to find the answers to some of the most frequently asked questions about Galapagos Islands animals.
What kind of animals live on the Galapagos island?
There are almost 9,000 species of animals that live on the Galapagos islands and the surrounding waters. The most famous and iconic animals in the Galapagos include the giant tortoise, blue-footed booby, marine iguana, Galapagos sea lion, and Galapagos penguin.
Why are animals in the Galapagos not afraid of humans?
The animals of the Galapagos islands existed for tens of thousands of years without any predators. As a result of this lack of predation, they have evolved without fear of humans or other species.
What is the most common animal in the Galapagos Islands?
Of all the animals in the Galapagos islands, you will most commonly see marine iguanas, sea lions, blue-footed boobies, lava lizards, and Galapagos finches.
However, the Galapagos islands are one of the most biodiverse places in the world and you can experience a huge array of incredible animals.
Are there Komodo dragons in Galapagos?
Komodo dragons are native only to Indonesia and cannot be found in Galapagos. However, there are three species of land iguana in the Galapagos as well as the only species of marine iguana in the world!
Are there snakes on Galapagos Islands?
Scientists believe there to be at least six different species of Galapagos racer snakes spread throughout different islands. Despite being present on most of the main islands, however, they are not commonly seen by tourists.
If you are lucky enough to see one, rest assured that despite being mildly venomous, they are not aggressive and pose almost no threat towards humans.
Are you allowed to touch the animals in the Galapagos Islands?
Under Galapagos National Park law, it is illegal to touch any animals in the Galapagos Islands. You must remain at least 6-feet (2 meters) from animals, including extended arms or selfie-sticks.
You should never touch wild animals as it can be extremely harmful to them. Beyond the stress it can cause, many are susceptible to disease from bacteria or chemicals that can be on our hands.
Why are Galapagos animals special?
Due to the remote location and isolation of the Galapagos islands, there are a large number of endemic species of animals found in the Galapagos that do not exist anywhere else in the world.
Additionally, the animals of the Galapagos islands have evolved without predation, making them unusually tame.
Many have developed unique characteristics to help them survive in the Galapagos. One of the most remarkable examples is the world’s only marine iguana, which has evolved to be able to swim and eat underwater.
What animals only exist on the Galapagos Islands?
There are over 700 endemic vertebrates and 1,200 endemic invertebrates in the Galapagos islands, “endemic” meaning they only exist in the Galapagos islands.
Are there amphibians on the Galapagos Islands?
There are no native amphibians on the Galapagos islands. The theorized reason for this is that most land animals (reptiles and mammals) arrived as castaways during tropical storms, floating to the Galapagos archipelago from Central and South America amongst debris. Amphibians would not be able to survive this journey.
Additionally, a lack of fresh water on the islands provides unlivable conditions for amphibians.
๐ More Galapagos Islands Travel Guides
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Hopefully, this guide has answered all of your questions, now it’s time for the rest of your planning!
These guides will help you through the process step-by-step, providing insight on everything from finding flights to top activities and so much more.
Planning Guides
- Where to Stay in Galapagos
- How to Travel to Galapagos in 10 Easy Steps
- Galapagos 5-Day Itinerary
- Galapagos 7-Day Itinerary
- Galapagos 10-Day Itinerary
- Best Time to Visit the Galapagos Islands
- How to Island Hop the Galapagos
- Galapagos Packing List
- Galapagos Trip Cost & How to Budget
- How to Visit the Galapagos on a Budget
Local Guides
- Santa Cruz Island Ultimate Guide
- San Cristobal Ultimate Guide
- Isabela Island Ultimate Guide
- Bartolome Island Ultimate Guide
- Pinzon Island Ultimate Guide
Things to Do Guides
- Top 50 Things to Do in Galapagos
- Best Islands to Visit in the Galapagos
- Best Galapagos Day Tours
- Galapagos Photography Guide
- Best Beaches in the Galapagos Islands
- Why You NEED to Visit the Galapagos Islands
- Best Galapagos Snorkeling Spots
- Iconic Galapagos Animals & Where to See Them
๐ฌ Final Thoughts
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What amazing animals!! I would absolutely love to see a whale shark in the wild, and the Galapagos Islands sound like the perfect place to do that. Thanks for sharing!
Me too! I imagine it would be the most incredible experience!